Think Pad T60

• "uname -a" :
  • "i686" means 32-bit machine
  • "x86_64" means 64-bit machine
  sebas@t60:~$ uname -a Linux t60 4.15.0-101-generic #102~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Mon May 11 11:44:23 UTC 2020 i686 i686 i686 GNU/Linux
• lshw
• lspci

• Ubuntu 18.04 vol fer servir el Network Manager - fitxer de configuracio :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf [main] plugins=ifupdown,keyfile [ifupdown] managed=false [device] wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

• veure estat :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ sudo service network-manager status â NetworkManager.service - Network Manager Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/NetworkManager.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-10-18 19:20:05 CEST; 13min ago Docs: man:NetworkManager(8) Main PID: 740 (NetworkManager) Tasks: 3 (limit: 4915) CGroup: /system.slice/NetworkManager.service ââ740 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon oct 18 19:20:09 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419209.8911] manager: (eth0): new Ethernet device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/2) oct 18 19:20:09 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419209.9002] manager: (irda0): new Generic device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/3) oct 18 19:20:09 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419209.9160] wifi-nl80211: (wlan0): using nl80211 for WiFi device control oct 18 19:20:09 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419209.9174] device (wlan0): driver supports Access Point (AP) mode oct 18 19:20:09 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419209.9245] manager: (wlan0): new 802.11 WiFi device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/4) oct 18 19:20:09 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419209.9353] device (wlan0): state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed', sys-iface-state: 'external') oct 18 19:20:09 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419209.9931] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL oct 18 19:20:10 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419210.0959] modem-manager: ModemManager available oct 18 19:20:10 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419210.2077] supplicant: wpa_supplicant running oct 18 19:20:10 T60ubuntu NetworkManager[740]: <info> [1571419210.2593] manager: startup complete

• aturar Network Manager :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ sudo service network-manager stop

• nmcli - command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ nmcli general status STATE CONNECTIVITY WIFI-HW WIFI WWAN-HW WWAN connected unknown enabled disabled enabled disabled

• desinstalem Network Manager :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install ifupdown resolvconf sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ sudo apt remove nplan netplan.io

• editem /etc/network/interfaces amb les dades inalambriques :
  • auto wlan0
  • iface wlan0 inet static
  • address 192.168.1.120
  • netmask 255.255.255.0
  • gateway 192.168.1.1

• reiniciem la xarxa : "sudo ifdown -a" + "sudo ifup -a"

  • RTNETLINK answers: File exists : {failed to bring up wlan0/eth0}
    $ sudo ip addr flush dev wlan0/eth0

  • RTNETLINK answers: Operation not possible due to RF-kill :
    $ rfkill list all 1: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked : yes $ sudo rfkill unblock all {hardware switch}

• reiniciem les xarxes :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ sudo systemctl restart networking Job for networking.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See systemctl status networking.service and journalctl -xe

• editem /etc/network/interfaces per posar una IP fixe pel cable :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/network/interfaces # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8) auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.1 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

• nameserver : posar "8.8.8.8" a "/etc/resolv.conf"
  compte que es sobre-escriu - el "original" es troba a /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/resolv.conf # Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8) # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN # 127.0.0.53 is the systemd-resolved stub resolver. # run "systemd-resolve --status" to see details about the actual nameservers. nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4

  El servei que ho fa es "sudo systemctl status resolvconf.service"

• assignar les MACs :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules # This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules # program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file. # # You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single # line, and change only the value of the NAME= key. # PCI device 0x8086:0x109a (e1000e) SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:24:7e:14:2d:14", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0" # PCI device 0x168c:0x1014 (ath5k) SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:16:cf:5b:4d:a6", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="wlan*", NAME="wlan0"

• mostrem Default Gateway :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ ip route default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 onlink 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0 scope link metric 1000 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.60

• mirem rutes :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ arp -a ? (192.168.1.94) at 00:21:6a:b6:cd:56 [ether] on eth0 _gateway (192.168.1.1) at 44:d9:e7:7f:6f:fa [ether] on eth0

• com es manega el wifi des command line ?

  iwconfig does not support WPA/WPA2 negotiation & authentication when connecting to a wlan network
  how do you connect to a WPA-TKIP/WPA2-AES enabled wlan? The answer is you have to use yet another program like wpa_supplicant
  If you're not too crazy about the commandu line method, use a gui network manager like wicd manager

  Per ordre :

  1. iwconfig {veiem "wlan0"}
  2. sudo ifconfig wlan0 up
  3. sudo iwlist wlan0 scan | grep ESSID
     if "device busy", wait 3 seconds and retry
  4. sudo apt install wpasupplicant
  5. wpa_passphrase convidatS 22.22 | sudo tee /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf ; create /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
  6. sudo wpa_supplicant -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0 ; get a nice set of messages
  7. by default, wpa_supplicant runs in the foreground
     open up another terminal window and run "iwconfig" - you can see that the wireless interface is now associated with an access point
  8. you can press CTRL+C to stop the current wpa_supplicant process and run it in the background by adding the -B flag :
     $ sudo wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0 ; mind "sudo ifdown eth0" - also remove "auto" from "/etc/network/interfaces"

  9. if "rfkill: WLAN hard blocked" then A
     1. switch the hardware "wifi" switch "on"
     2. verify "Fn + F5"
     3. reboot - Ubuntu does NOT get that switch change "on the fly"

  10. if "rfkill: WLAN soft blocked" then "sudo rfkill unblock wifi"

  11. auto-connect at boot time using wpa_supplicant :
      1. sudo cp /lib/systemd/system/wpa_supplicant.service /etc/systemd/system/wpa_supplicant.service
      2. edit it : sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/wpa_supplicant.service
      3. change "ExecStart=/sbin/wpa_supplicant -u -s -O /run/wpa_supplicant" into "ExecStart=/sbin/wpa_supplicant -u -s -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0"
      4. comment this line "Alias=dbus-fi.w1.wpa_supplicant1.service" by adding a "#" at the beginning
      5. enable wpa_supplicant service to start at boot time : "sudo systemctl enable wpa_supplicant.service"
      6. reboot
      7. dislay wpa_supplicant service status : "sudo systemctl status wpa_supplicant.service"
      8. cat /var/log/syslog | grep wlan0 - "Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING"
      9. remove "NetworkManager" service : "sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager" + "sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager"

  12. quina diferencia hi ha entre
      sudo service NetworkManager status ; "service" -> System V init script or systemd unit sudo systemctl status NetworkManager ; "systemctl" -> control the systemd system and service manager sudo systemctl status NetworkManager.service ; sudo service network-manager status ; sudo systemctl status network-manager ; sudo systemctl status network-manager.service ;

  13. if "wpa_supplicant" doews not work, install WICD :
      1. sudo apt-get install wicd-gtk
      2. could not connect to wicd's D-bus : "rm /etc/resolv.conf"
      3. el log es troba a "/var/log/wicd/wicd.log"
      4. sudo systemctl stop wpa_supplicant
      5. sudo systemctl disable wps_supplicant
      6. sudo rm /etc/systemd/system/wpa_supplicant.service

• resum :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:24:7e:14:2d:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.60/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::224:7eff:fe14:2d14/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: irda0: <NOARP> mtu 2048 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 8 link/irda 00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff 4: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:16:cf:5b:4d:a6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

• tornem a NM :
  • sudo ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
  • sudo systemctl stop wpa_supplicant.service
  • sudo systemctl disable wpa_supplicant.service
  • set /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf "managed=true" in "ifupdown" section + sudo service network-manager restart"
  • NM tools : "nmcli" and "nmtui"
  • "nm-connection-editor" : files in "/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/"

Solution so /etc/network/interfaces values come into work : "sudo ifup wlan0"
interfaces man page

Primer esborrem el wpa_supplicant :

1. apt list --installed | grep wpa
2. sudo apt-get remove wpa_supplicant (removes network-manager, to my surprise)
3. reboot
4. configure eth0 using /etc/network/interfaces
5. apt list --installed | grep net
6. sudo apt install network-manager
7. reboot (nm and wpa are dead)
8. eth0 ok, wlan0 ko

To display NM version, do :

nmtui - Text User Interface for controlling NetworkManager

Ubuntu server - ubuntu-18.04.2-live-server-amd64.iso via USB and Rufus

Ho inhibim per la GUI :

1. en el Desktop, obrir "Apps"
2. escollim "Software & Updates"
3. under "Updates" tab, select "Never" in "AAutomatically check for updates"
4. crec que resulta en el fitxer /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic

• llistar serveis que hi ha :
  • sudo service --status-all
  • sudo systemctl list-unit-files
• mirar el estat de un servei :
  • sudo service network-manager status
• aturar un servei :
• re-engegar un servei :
  • sudo service network-manager restart

Ens agraden :

• display Ubuntu level : lsb_release -a = "bionic"
• update modules : sudo apt-get update

Que hi instalem :

Per a tenir color en editar documents ".sh", ".js", cal instalar "vim"

• sudo apt-get install mutt
• mkdir -p ~/.mutt/cache/headers mkdir ~/.mutt/cache/bodies touch ~/.mutt/certificates
• create .muttrc in home directory and fill it properly (or general /etc/Muttrc) - see bellow
• run "mutt" and accept two SSL certificates from Google
• in google, do enable IMAP
• google account - permetre acces des aplicacions menys segures
• debug running interactive email creation :
  1. mutt -d 5 -a /home/sebas/.muttrc -s "interactive MUTT with CFG." -- desti@domain.cat
  2. reading "~/.muttdebug0"
• fix server certificate expired
• run manual backup - see bellow
• run monthly backup - t60:/etc/cron.monthly $ sudo ln -s /home/sebas/eines/backup/fer_backup.sh envia_backup

url

Fem periodicament :

Similar to "/home/mate/cron-jobs/monit_pomnia.sh" :

Instalem webmin al Ubuntu del T60 : url

Hi obrim acces des l'exterior : url

• programa : /home/sebas/eines/backup/fer_backup.sh
• configuracio : /home/sebas/eines/backup/llista_fitxers.txt
• log : /home/sebas/logs/fer_backup.log
• destinacio : envia a z.beto@tine.kat (pomnia a pru.era@tine.kat)
• fitxers :
  • network configuration : /etc/network/interfaces
  • DNS configuration : /etc/resolv.conf
  • netplan configuration : /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
  • Network Manager configuration : /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
  • /etc/ssh/sshd_banner.txt i /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Per saber-ne el tipus, fem servir "lspci" :

Com saber quin driver fa servir la tarja de wifi "Qualcomm Atheros AR5212" ?

• use linux :
  sebas@T60ubuntu:~$ ls /sys/class/net/wlan0/device/driver/module/drivers 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 may 21 17:56 pci:ath5k -> ../../../bus/pci/drivers/ath5k

• use "lshw" and look for "network" : ath5k

Top

Te una boca a l'esquerra i dos ala dreta.

• $ df -h : identify volume - /dev/sdc1
• $ sudo umount /dev/sdc1 : un-mount
• $ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1 : format

Top

askubuntu

Com que la xarxa wifi no funciona en el Ubuntu-server que tenia, primer provo de pujar a v 20 :

Aixi, reinstalo Ubuntu, ara en el "flavor" de "Desktop" :

1. get ubuntu-18.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso.torrent -> ubuntu-18.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso
2. insert USB and launch "Startup Disk Creator"
3. if all parameters are ok, click "Make Startup Disk"
4. boot from USB and follow on-screen instructions
5. "this kernel requires an x86-64 CPU but it only detects an i686 CPU"
6. get 32-bit 16.04 : ubuntu-16.04.6-desktop-i386.iso

7. s'instala perfectament :
   sebas@t60:~$ uname -a Linux t60 4.15.0-101-generic #102~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Mon May 11 11:44:23 UTC 2020 i686 i686 i686 GNU/Linux sebas@t60:~$ cat /etc/os-release NAME="Ubuntu" VERSION="16.04.6 LTS (Xenial Xerus)"

8. per treballar remotament, posem :
   $ sudo apt-get install openssh-server

9. posem la IP fixe ; network wlan0 configuration to set fixed IP : /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/WLAN_GAS2
   [ipv4] method=manual dns=8.8.8.8;8.8.4.4; address1=192.168.1.121/24,192.168.1.1

10. detectem una versio superior : upgrade - there is a new version of Ubuntu : 18.04 Bionic Beaver - la instalem
    sebas@t60:~$ cat /etc/os-release NAME="Ubuntu" VERSION="18.04.4 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"

11. reposem codi propi :
    • tronc

12. nou codi :
    • nicolau/camera.py

13. la webcam via USB es veu a /dev/video0

Fem

1. definim una feina a fer :
   sebas@t60:~$ cat /home/sebastia/eines/t60_servei_start.sh #!/bin/bash szLfn='/home/sebastia/logs/servei_engegar.log' date_name=`date +"Y%y/M%m/D%d"` time_name=`date +"h%H:m%M"` szTs="$date_name - $time_name" szTG="($szTs) ([$HOSTNAME]) boot." echo '+++ RC servei enviar TG = '$szTG >> $szLfn /home/sebastia/python/telegram/client.py "$szTG" rc=$? echo '--- RC servei enviar TG = '$rc >> $szLfn exit 0

2. definim el servei :
   sebastia@t60:~$ cat /home/sebastia/.config/systemd/user/t60_start.service [Unit] Description=Servei de engegada del T60 [Service] Type=idle ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 30 ExecStart=/home/sebastia/eines/t60_servei_start.sh [Install] WantedBy=default.target

3. enable the service :
   sebastia@t60:~/eines$ systemctl --user enable t60_start.service Created symlink /home/sebastia/.config/systemd/user/default.target.wants/t60_start.service → /home/sebastia/.config/systemd/user/t60_start.service

4. reboot

5. verify the service status :
   sebastia@t60:~/.config/systemd/user$ systemctl status --user t60_start.service ● t60_start.service - Servei de engegada del T60 Loaded: loaded (/home/sebastia/.config/systemd/user/t60_start.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: inactive (dead) since Mon 2020-06-22 23:04:41 CEST; 7min ago Process: 1999 ExecStart=/home/sebastia/eines/t60_servei_start.sh (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 1385 ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 30 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 1999 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) jun 22 23:04:08 t60 systemd[1372]: Started Servei de engegada del T60.

6. verify the job was done : '/home/sebastia/logs/servei_engegar.log'